:..tags..:

Now I found out what is the importance of the tags like <strong></strong>, < em></em>, <abbr></abbr>, and <blockquote></blockquote>.

            STRONG

·         The HTML strong tag is used for indicating stronger emphasis than the em tag. The strong tag surrounds the emphasized word/phrase.

·         This element brackets text which should be strongly emphasized. Stronger than the EM element.

·         The strong tag is another phrase element. It makes text bold in most browsers.

·         You may wonder why there is a <b> (bold) tag and also a <strong> tag since both are displayed in bold type.

·         Technically, the strong tag was meant to provide emphasis aurally for people surfing the web using screen readers, while the bold tag was meant to provide emphasis visually.

·         A word stressed with the strong tag should be stressed aloud by the screen reader software, but a word stressed with the bold tag won't necessarily be stressed by screen readers.

EM

·         Renders as emphasized text

·         EM is used to indicate emphasized text. While it is often rendered identical to I, italics, using EM rather than I is preferred. It allows the browser to distinguish between emphasized text and other text which can be drawn in italics.

ABBR

·         The <abbr> tag describes an abbreviated phrase.

·         By marking up abbreviations you can give useful information to browsers, spellcheckers, screen readers, translation systems and search-engines.

·         The abbreviation tag allows you to pass on useful information about an abbreviation without spelling it out on the page.

·         The appearance of the abbreviation can depend on the browser being used, but all major browsers support the abbreviation tag.

·         You have to add a title attribute to the abbreviation tag in order for the tool tip explaining what the abbreviation means to show up.

BBLOCKQUOTE

·         The <blockquote> tag defines a long quotation.

·         A browser inserts white space before and after a blockquote element. It also inserts margins for the blockquote element.

·         Use the q element to mark up short quotations!

·         The BLOCKQUOTE element allows text quoted from another source to be rendered specially.

·         The HTML blockquote is perfect for making a passage of text stand out from the normal body of text.

·         It has to be used with some caution though, as it can overlap CSS positioned content due to incorrect browser rendering. For example, the icon box showing which browsers support the blockquote tag is a division floated to the right side. Before adding this extra paragraph to move the blockquote down the page, the following blockquote overlapped the icon box.

The <em>, <strong>, <dfn>, <code>, <samp>, <kbd>, <var>, and <cite> tags are all phrase tags. They are not deprecated, but it is possible to achieve richer effect with CSS.

.DIV & C.R.A.P.

DIV is an element that identifies the part of a document.  We put a DIV element so that we can set the alignments.  This element is a grouping element.  The div is a generic block-level element. It doesn’t convey any meaning about its contents (unlike a p element that signifies a paragraph, or an h1 or h2 element that would indicate a level 1 or level 2 heading, respectively); as such, it’s easy to customize it to your needs. The div element is currently the most common method for identifying the structural sections of a document and for laying out a web page using CSS.  Some developers perceive similarities between the p and the div elements, seeing them as being interchangeable, but this isn’t the case. The p element offers more semantic information (“this is a paragraph of text, a small collection of thoughts that are grouped together; the next paragraph outlines some different thoughts”), while the div element can be used to group almost any elements together. Indeed, it can contain almost any other element, unlike p, which can only contain inline elements.  The div is an “anything-goes” element—it can contain any inline or block-level elements you choose, so it has no typical content.

All design starts from four basic principles, abbreviated as CRAP (they come in no particular order, so the more squeamish can rearrange them to form “CARP”, if you like. I’d advice against “PCRA”, though…). These are Contrast, Repetition, Alignment, and Proximity.

• Contrast
  Elements that aren’t the same should be very different so they stand out, making them “slightly different” confuses the user into seeing a relation that doesn’t exist. Strong contrast between page elements allows the user’s eye to flow from one to another down the page instead of creating a sea of similarity that’s boring and not communicative.
• Repetition
  Repeat styles down the page for a cohesive feel — if you style related elements the same way in one area, continue that trend for other areas for consistency.
• Alignment
  Every thing on the page needs to be visually connected to something else, nothing should be out of place or distinct from all other design elements.
• Proximity
  Proximity creates related meaning: elements that are related should be grouped together; whereas separate design elements should have enough space in between to communicate they are different.

.everything in HTML.

This past three weeks I learned that basic tags are too important for a HTML document in order for it to have a nice web page or web site.  The basic tags are the HTML, head, body, title, DOCTYPE, p, h1, br and the inline elements.  These inline elements are the only elements that may be contained within a paragraph element.  There is also what we call block elements which is an element that creates large blocks of content like paragraphs or page divisions.  They start new lines of text when you use them and can contain other block as well as inline elements and text or data.

There is also what we call file names and site structure; file name is a metadata about a file; a special kind of string used to uniquely identify a file stored on the file system of a computer.  A site structure is the blueprint that holds the page together and it is a well defined structure that helps to define a navigation system and these two combined facilitate page layout design.

There are three components in a HTML; it is the content that refers to the text, images, and multimedia components of web pages.  And the second and third components is the presentation and the behavior; these are separate functions which can be added as desired, ideally through links to external documents such as style sheets, graphics, files and scripts.  This allows the documents to be presented by different user agents according to their purposes and abilities.

This past two weeks I learned the different types of website such as static websites, dynamic websites, content managed websites, ecommerce websites and the flash websites.  The static websites are the simplest form of website in which the site’s content is delivered without the use of server side processing.  And static websites are used principally for brochure sites and can include complex graphics, animations and JavaScript driven features.  Dynamic websites rely on server side scripting to provided advanced interactivity and usually use a database to deliver the content for individual pages.  A dynamic approach is appropriate for developing large websites with content which is formulaic, for example catalogues, photograph albums and complex series of data.  A dynamic website will be required to allow users to sort and search records, or to restrict access to parts of the website using a log-in procedure.  Content managed websites is a further refinement of the database driven dynamic site.  The content management system provides a password protected interface through which users can add, edit and remove content from the site.  Ecommerce websites are a dynamic website which has the functionality to process financial transactions.  Most of this websites are built to mimic a bricks and mortar store and use the model of stock pages, shopping basket system and checkout, using a secure online payment system.  It includes a content management system, so that product details can be added or updated, and some include advanced features such as automated stock control.  Flash websites are proprietary software developed by Macromedia which is used to generate complex animations.  The programme is sophisticated enough for entire websites to be constructed using Flash technology.  It can be visually stunning and provide other wise unachievable levels of user interactivity.  However, it is almost impossible to carry out any meaningful form of SEO on Flash site and so it should generally be avoided.

This past three weeks I learned that basic tags are too important for an HTML document in order for it to have a nice web page or web site.  The basic tags are the HTML, head, body, title, DOCTYPE, p, h1, br and the inline elements.  These inline elements are the only elements that may be contained within a paragraph element.  There is also what we call block elements which is an element that creates large blocks of content like paragraphs or page divisions.  They start new lines of text when you use them and can contain other block as well as inline elements and text or data.

There is also what we call file names and site structure; file name is a metadata about a file; a special kind of string used to uniquely identify a file stored on the file system of a computer.  A site structure is the blueprint that holds the page together and it is a well defined structure that helps to define a navigation system and these two combined facilitate page layout design.

There are three components in an HTML; it is the content that refers to the text, images, and multimedia components of web pages.  And the second and third components is the presentation and the behavior; these are separate functions which can be added as desired, ideally through links to external documents such as style sheets, graphics, files and scripts.  This allows the documents to be presented by different user agents according to their purposes and abilities.

This past two weeks I learned the different types of website such as static websites, dynamic websites, content managed websites, ecommerce websites and the flash websites.  The static websites are the simplest form of website in which the site’s content is delivered without the use of server side processing.  And static websites are used principally for brochure sites and can include complex graphics, animations and JavaScript driven features.  Dynamic websites rely on server side scripting to provided advanced interactivity and usually use a database to deliver the content for individual pages.  A dynamic approach is appropriate for developing large websites with content which is formulaic, for example catalogues, photograph albums and complex series of data.  A dynamic website will be required to allow users to sort and search records, or to restrict access to parts of the website using a log-in procedure.  Content managed websites is a further refinement of the database driven dynamic site.  The content management system provides a password protected interface through which users can add, edit and remove content from the site.  Ecommerce websites are a dynamic website which has the functionality to process financial transactions.  Most of this websites are built to mimic a bricks and mortar store and use the model of stock pages, shopping basket system and checkout, using a secure online payment system.  It includes a content management system, so that product details can be added or updated, and some include advanced features such as automated stock control.  Flash websites are proprietary software developed by Macromedia which is used to generate complex animations.  The programme is sophisticated enough for entire websites to be constructed using Flash technology.  It can be visually stunning and provide other wise unachievable levels of user interactivity.  However, it is almost impossible to carry out any meaningful form of SEO on Flash site and so it should generally be avoided.

The tag <div> and <span> is important in order for an HTML to have a good image.  <div> is important because this tag defines a division or section in an HTML document and it is often used to group block-elements to format them with styles.  It is used to create a block or layer.  <span> is important in order to group inline elements. This is used to provides no visual change by itself and it provides a way to add a hook to a part of a text or a part of a document.

 Their attributes are:

       Style

       Class

       I.D